Space Warfare Is Almost Here And It’s Profoundly Stupid.
Anti satellite weapons are being tested and could soon lead to war in space. Here's why that's a terrible idea.
- China's 2007 ASAT test destroyed a Fengyun-1C satellite, generating over 3,000 pieces of trackable debris and creating the largest debris cloud in history.
- Russia's November 2021 direct-ascent ASAT test against Cosmos 1408 produced more than 1,500 fragments, endangering astronauts on the ISS and other spacecraft.
- The United States has conducted at least three ASAT tests since the 1980s, but in 2022 the Biden administration announced a unilateral moratorium on destructive ASAT tests, urging other nations to follow.
- Current debris tracking estimates by the European Space Agency show over 36,500 objects larger than 10 cm in orbit, with millions of smaller pieces that remain undetectable but dangerous.
- Kessler Syndrome would render low Earth orbit unusable for essential services like weather monitoring, global internet, and GPS, with cascading collisions potentially lasting centuries.
- Military spending on space assets has surpassed $50 billion annually globally, driven by nations seeking strategic dominance in the space domain.
Frequently Asked Questions
Anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons are devices designed to disable or destroy satellites in orbit. They can be launched from the ground, air, or space and include kinetic impactors, explosives, and directed-energy weapons.
Space warfare is considered profoundly stupid because it would create massive amounts of orbital debris, threatening all satellites, including those used for daily life like GPS and weather forecasting. The Kessler Syndrome could make space unusable for generations.
The Kessler Syndrome is a scenario where the density of space debris in low Earth orbit becomes so high that collisions cascade, creating even more debris. This could render entire orbits unusable for decades or centuries.
Direct-ascent ASAT tests involve launching a missile to directly impact a satellite at high speed. The collision shatters both objects into thousands of fragments, which remain in orbit and endanger other spacecraft.
Several countries have tested ASAT weapons, including the United States, Russia, China, India (2008), and the United States. India conducted a low-altitude test in 2019 that created about 400 debris pieces, which later decayed.
A space war would destroy critical satellites for communications, navigation, and military command. The resulting debris would threaten the International Space Station, commercial satellites, and future space missions, potentially triggering the Kessler Syndrome.
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Original source
www.forbes.com
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